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Proposals of Practical Excercises in Zoology Based on Protists and Invertebrates from Freshwater Aquaria
Talavášková, Barbora ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis deals with proposals for practical exercises using freshwater aquaria in teaching elementary schools and junior high schools that focus on protozoa and invertebrates. The main aim of the thesis is to propose practical exercises using elements of inquiry-based science education. Using identification cards of protozoa and microscopic invertebrates, pupils can learn about these organisms during laboratory exercises with microscopes. A total of fourteen cards with representatives of protozoa, invertebrates, algae and cyanobacteria typical of freshwater aquariums are presented. Each of the identification cards contains a basic description, as well as a procedure for the pupils to observe and draw the organism. They are accompanied by a photograph, a pen drawing and a QR code that links to a video of the observation of the representative under the microscope. Another proposal is a practical exercise focusing on the food chain of standing water. Also included is a worksheet focusing on independent laboratory work by students on water quality analysis using the Pasco laboratory technique. The contribution of this work is the actual experience of setting up a school freshwater aquarium. The process of setting up the aquarium and investigating it is described in this thesis. The succession of...
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Kdo je boss teď? aneb dopad farmaka sertralinu na hierarchii raků
MAREŠ, Josef
Pharmaceuticals' pollution of open waters is a current threat to aquatic organisms. The development of pharmacies and increased consumption of drugs leads to a burden on the aquatic environment with dangerous pollutants. Due to the fast and stressful lifestyle, the consumption of antidepressants increases significantly in the majority of the human population. After consumption and excretion, antidepressants and other drugs enter groundwater and surface water through wastewater treatment plants, which can have a secondary effect on non-target organisms. This master thesis assesses the possible impact of the commonly used antidepressant sertraline on the mutual social behavior of marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis). The experiment was based on monitoring the behavior of different pairs of different crayfish. The created dyads assessed mutual interactions between control crayfish, crayfish exposed to sertraline, and reciprocally between both crayfish groups. Three weeks before monitoring, crayfish were exposed to an environmentally relevant sertraline concentration of 1 g?l-1. The results were evaluated by sensory assessment according to available methods, and subsequently, the statistics were assessed. No group of crayfish observed showed a significant difference in behavior. Thanks to the initial phase of experiments of this type, we cannot determine with certainty from the results that sertraline does not affect the social behavior of marbled crayfish. However, along with other antidepressants, sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is undoubtedly a potential threat to the environment.
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Protection of Invertebrates in Legal Regulation of European Union
Chlup, Petr ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
266 Protection of Invertebrates in the Legal Regulation of the European Union Abstract In recent years, studies on the population trends of insects and other invertebrates reported widespread declines most pronounced in intensely developed regions, such as Europe. The likely causes include various activities of the industrial society, including agriculture, urbanisation, forestry, and commercial fishing. Most of these activities are governed by, inter alia, legislation on the EU level. This thesis argues that even though there are no completely white spaces in the EU law and relevant legislation addresses most of the important areas of invertebrate conservation, the current legislation is not comprehensive and inclusive enough. The arguments for this conclusion are derived from the analysis of the current EU legislation in the face of the biological context of invertebrates. In Part I, the contextual framework for the analysis is built up by outlining the presented problem of declining invertebrate populations. A short introduction to the taxonomy and ecology of invertebrates is followed by a summary of the environmental threats they currently face. The threats are matched to the corresponding EU legislation, thereby laying out the structure of Part II. The second part includes chapters on the relevant...
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Breeding of invertebrates and their use in school teaching
Farionová, Jana ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The submitted Bachelor thesis has a retrieval character. It focuses on general characteristic of the selected groups of the Invertebrates and also on its breeding, which is suitable for home and school environment. The handled topic relates to my subject of study, it includes the guide, the possibilities of breeding of the Invertebrates and the selected species. It can be used by the teachers, but also pupils and students of Biology. Some parts are also dedicated to the basic elements to which is important to pay attention during the lessons and which can be well observed on the organism. The introduction concentrates the brief characteristic of the Invertebrates, it includes the list of used terms and it generally informs about the principles of breeding. The following chapters consist of the characteristic and breeding of the selected species, examples of the suitable variets and also the problem issues, which can appear during the breeding. With the described species we can also find the options how to use them during the education at school. Picture are attached in the thesis. KEYWORDS Invertebrates, charakteristic, breeding, species
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Model examples of invertebrates in the primary and high schools' textbooks
Beránková, Alena ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The main purpose of this Bachelor thesis is introduce and analyse types of textbooks for primary and high schools. Textbook is important didactic mean, so is necessary good and well division, and suitable in picture and text section. The work is divided into several parts. At first we focus on introduction model species of invertebrates in textbooks. In other part it focus on meanings and function of textbooks. In the third section are textbooks with description of their suitability for learning. Key words: invertebrates, schools' texbooks, model examples
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Communities of protists and invertebrate animals in freshwater aquaria and possibilities of their use in teaching
Hásková, Barbora ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the hidden but very diverse community of protists and microscopic invertebrates in freshwater aquaria. Samples of these micro-organisms were obtained from microscopic slides submerged in aquaria for several weeks. The main output of this thesis is a multimedia didactical atlas of characteristic protists and invertebrates inhabiting freshwater aquaria. In total, eleven members from two phyla of protists and six phyla of invertebrate animals are presented using own original micrographs and short videosequences. The atlas was prepared in two forms - a text document and a web page. Potential of the atlas for use in biology teaching and extracurricular education is discussed. Key words: zoology, protists, invertebrates, teaching, didactics, communities
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Periodic Water Bodies and Their Biota.
Bušová, Tereza ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Škodová, Jana (referee)
This thesis is focused on a description of small periodic water bodies and their biota. These telms are formed as a result of heavy spring rains, floods, melting snow or the ground water level rising. They are formed on green parts, non-green parts or fallen parts of a plant (in that case they are called phytotelmes), in water-filled tree-holes (dendrotelmes), in fissures of rocks (lithotelms) or in various cavities, artificially created by human - in empty jars, water- filled tires, flower-holding vases in cemeteries etc. The thesis deals mainly with dendrotelmes and phytotelmes which are the most frequent, especially in tropics. It provides the information about their formation and animals that lives in these small habitats. Also, a taxonomical review of the main reported fauna was added for better orientation of the reader. The most common taxa which occur in temporary pools are families of mosquitoes (Culicidae), chironomids (Chironomidae) and ceratopogonids (Ceratopogonidae). There are also present other Dipteran larvae or larvae of scirtid beetles from the family Helodidae. Some of the animals living in the pools used different evolution strategies to be well adapted to deal with periodicity and drying out of the water bodies. Their overview is also included in this thesis. Furthermore,...
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Flow cytometry and its use for study of insects
Stuchlíková, Magdalena ; Janšta, Petr (advisor) ; Sadílek, David (referee)
Flow cytometry is a modern technique in research, playing a significant role in biomedicine and botanics. Despite its benefits (speed, simplicity, low costs), flow cytometry is currently not used in the study of insects on a large scale. This thesis gives an overview as to how flow cytometry is used in research on insects and summarises the results of such study. This pertains to genome size and its connections to other phenomena. Other focal points of research, such as ploidy and base pair ratios, are addressed to a lesser extent. Key words: flow cytometry, use in study of insects, genome size, ploidy, invertebrates
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Invertebrate Lectures And Their Use In Leisure Lessons
Juhasová, Petra ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Podroužková, Štěpánka (referee)
JUHASOVÁ, P., Invertebrate Lectures And Their Use In Leisure Lessons. Master thesis. Praha: Charles univerzsity in Prague, Faculty of Education, 2016. 94 s. In this diploma thesis, practical tasks focused on invertebrate biology are presented. They are targeted for science hobby groups. Detailed instructions for experiments and observations as well as for capturing invertebrates can be found in this diploma thesis. There are described also long-term projects in the form of inquiry-based teaching tasks, construction of man-made outdoor insect nests (so-called "insect hostels") and also the indoor invertebrate keepings. The vast majority of tasks were tested in practice in two science hobby groups, attended by a total of 30 participants. The aim of these tasks is to increase the attractiveness and accessibility of natural science to a wider audience and improving its presentation, but also to arouse positive attitude to nature and all living creatures. Inspiration will be found there not only by leaders of natural science clubs, but also by teachers, who want to incorporate practical work with animals into teaching. Key words: invertebrates, experiment, observation, breeding, inquiry-based edusdion, IBE
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Interaction of lichens and invertebrates with emphasis on mites
Vtípilová, Věra ; Steinová, Jana (advisor) ; Černajová, Ivana (referee)
Lichens interact with many groups of invertebrates. Acari (mites), Gastropoda (gastropods), Rotifera (rotifers), Nematoda (nematodes), Tardigrada (tardigrades), Protozoa (protists), Collembola (springtails) and Insecta (insects), especially Psocoptera (book and bark lice), Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and Coleoptera (beetles) represent the most common groups. These animals use lichens as a shelter and food. Lichens have different defence mechanisms, for example, secondary metabolites. On the other hand, invertebrates often mediate the dispersal of lichens. Some lichens can grow on shells or a body surface of living invertebrates. In my thesis, I describe individual groups of invertebrates that interact with lichens, and I mention specific examples of these interactions. A special emphasis is given on mites because they are one of the most important consumers of lichens, and I will pay attention to them in my diploma thesis.
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